martinet

英 [,mɑ?t?'net] 美[,mɑrtn'?t]

暢通詞匯

復(fù)數(shù):?martinets;

martinet 嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行紀(jì)律的人

來自17世紀(jì)法國陸軍中校Jean Martinet,因其以訓(xùn)練紀(jì)律嚴(yán)格著稱于世，因此，其名字成為紀(jì)律嚴(yán)明的代稱。該姓氏字面意思為小戰(zhàn)神Mars.

martinet: martinet: [17] The word martinet comes from the name of Jean Martinet, a 17th-century French army officer who invented a system of drill. Indeed, it was as the term for this new drill that martinet was first used in English (‘What, d’ye find fault with Martinet? … ’tis the best exercise in the World’, William Wycherley, The Plain-Dealer 1676); not until the 18th century did the figurative sense ‘rigid disciplinarian’ emerge.
martinet (n.): 1670s, "system of strict discipline," from the name of Jean Martinet (killed at siege of Duisburg, 1672), lieutenant colonel in the Régiment du Roi, who in 1668 was appointed inspector general of the infantry. "It was his responsibility to introduce and enforce the drill and strict discipline of the French regiment of Guards across the whole infantry." [Olaf van Minwegen, "The Dutch Army and the Military Revolutions 1588-1688," 2006] The meaning "an officer who is a stickler for strict discipline" is first attested 1779 in English. The surname is a diminutive of Latin Martinus (see Martin).

1. He's a retired Lieutenant Colonel and a bit of a martinet.: 他是個退役中校，有點(diǎn)軍人作風(fēng)。

2. They discover that the new teacher is a martinet.: 他們發(fā)現(xiàn)新來的老師非常嚴(yán)格.

3. Our dean is an understanding counselor, not a martinet.: 我們的教務(wù)長是一位善解人意的好顧問, 而非厲行嚴(yán)格紀(jì)律者.

4. Thomson , A . J . and A . V. Martinet . 1986 . A Practical English Grammar. Oxford University Press.: 全建強(qiáng): 《高級英語語法詳解》,安徽教育出版社,2001年.