raw

英 [r??] 美[r?]

反義詞

CET4TEM4IELTS考研CET6中頻詞核心詞匯

比較級(jí):?rawer;最高級(jí):?rawest;名詞:?rawness;

raw 生的，原始的

來自古英語 hreaw,未煮的，生的，來自 Proto-Germanic*khrawaz,生的，來自 PIE*kreue,帶血的肉，生肉，詞源同 crude,cruel,pancreas.引申諸多相關(guān)詞義。

raw: raw: [OE] Raw has relatives in German (roh), Dutch (rauw), Swedish (r?), and Danish (ra). These all go back to a prehistoric Germanic ancestor *khrawaz, whose ultimate source was Indo-European *krowos (other descendants of the same base include Greek kréas ‘flesh’, from which English gets creosote and pancreas, and Latin crūdus ‘raw’, source of English crude and cruel).
=> creosote, crude, cruel, pancreas
raw (adj.): Old English hreaw "uncooked, raw," from Proto-Germanic *khrawaz (cognates: Old Norse hrar, Danish raa, Old Saxon hra, Middle Dutch rau, Dutch rauw, Old High German hrawer, German roh), from PIE root *kreue- (1) "raw flesh" (cognates: Sanskrit kravih "raw flesh," krura- "bloody, raw, hard;" Greek kreas "flesh;" Latin crudus "not cooked," cruor "thick blood;" Old Irish cru, Lithuanian kraujas, Old Church Slavonic kruvi "blood;" Old English hrot "thick fluid, serum").

Meaning "tender, sore" is from late 14c.; of persons, "inexperienced" from 1560s; of weather, "damp and chilly" first recorded 1540s. Related: Rawly; rawness. Raw material is from 1796, with sense of "in a rudimental condition, unfinished." Phrase in the raw "naked" (1921) is from the raw "exposed flesh," attested from 1823. Raw deal "harsh treatment" attested by 1893.

1. Use separate chopping boards for raw meats, cooked meats, vegetables and salads.: 切生肉、熟肉、蔬菜和拌色拉的青菜時(shí)要使用不同的切菜板。

2. The mere mention of John had touched a very raw nerve indeed.: 提到約翰就真的讓人心痛。

5. Discharge of raw sewage into the sea is unsanitary and unsafe.: 把未經(jīng)處理的污水排放到海里既不衛(wèi)生也不安全。